William Henry Perkin (chemist)

William Henry Perkin was a British chemist best known for discovering the first synthetic dye, called mauveine, in 1856. His work began as an effort to find a new way to make quinine, a medicine for malaria, but instead led to a vibrant purple dye. This breakthrough launched the global artificial dye industry, transforming textiles and fashion by providing more affordable, vivid colors. Perkin's discovery marked a significant advance in organic chemistry and demonstrated how scientific research can lead to unexpected and valuable innovations.