William H. Perkin

William H. Perkin was a British chemist born in 1838 who is best known for discovering the first synthetic dye, an early form of purple called mauveine, in 1856. His work revolutionized the textile industry by providing vibrant, inexpensive dyes that replaced costly natural ones. Perkin’s discovery marked the beginning of the modern chemical dye industry and significantly advanced organic chemistry. His innovation also demonstrated the potential of chemistry to create new materials, impacting fashion, art, and science.