William Gosset (Student's t-test)

William Gosset was a statistician who developed the t-test, a statistical method used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. Working for a brewery in the early 20th century, he needed a way to analyze small sample sizes effectively. He published his findings under the pseudonym "Student," hence the name "Student's t-test." The t-test helps researchers understand whether observed differences are likely due to chance or represent a true effect, making it essential in fields ranging from medicine to social sciences.