white smokers

White smokers are a type of hydrothermal vent located deep in the ocean where cold, mineral-rich seawater interacts with hot magma beneath the seafloor. Unlike the more famous "black smokers," which emit dark, mineral-laden fluids, white smokers release lighter-colored fluids rich in compounds like silica and barium. These vents create unique underwater ecosystems that support diverse life forms, thriving in extreme conditions. White smokers play a vital role in ocean chemistry and mineral cycling, showcasing complex geological and biological processes beneath the sea.