Western medieval manuscripts

Western medieval manuscripts are handwritten documents created between the 5th and 15th centuries in Europe. Made primarily on parchment or vellum (prepared animal skins), these manuscripts include religious texts, classical works, and scholarly writings. They often feature elaborate decorations, illuminated initials, and intricate illustrations that reflect artistic skill. Produced by monks or scribes in scriptoria (special writing rooms), these manuscripts were valuable for preserving knowledge and culture before the invention of printing. Their craftsmanship offers insight into medieval art, religion, and literacy, serving as important historical artifacts that bridge the ancient and modern worlds.