West African soil

West African soils are diverse, shaped by climate, vegetation, and rainfall patterns across the region. In the humid zones, soils tend to be rich and fertile, supporting agriculture. However, in arid and semi-arid areas, soils often have low fertility, high acidity, and are prone to erosion, making farming challenging. Many soils have unique properties, such as laterite, which is rich in iron and aluminum and forms under heavy rainfall. Sustainable land management is crucial to prevent degradation, ensure food security, and maintain ecosystem health across West Africa.