weak acids and bases

Weak acids and bases are substances that do not fully release or accept hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution. Unlike strong acids or bases, which completely dissociate, weak ones do so only partially, meaning they reach an equilibrium where some molecules remain intact. This partial ionization results in less dramatic changes in pH when added to water. Weak acids and bases are common in biological systems and household items, helping regulate pH balance. Their behavior depends on their chemical structure and the conditions of the solution, making them important in many natural and industrial processes.