Wavefront

A wavefront describes the shape and path of waves—like light, sound, or water—as they travel through space. Imagine ripples on a pond; if they spread evenly, the wavefronts are flat, but if obstacles or variations occur, the wavefronts become curved or distorted. In optics, analyzing wavefronts helps us understand how lenses or mirrors focus light, enabling precise correction of vision or advanced imaging. Essentially, a wavefront provides a detailed map of how waves are traveling, allowing us to identify imperfections and improve system performance.