Vygotskian principles (Lev Vygotsky)

Vygotskian principles emphasize that learning and development occur through social interactions and cultural context. Central to this view is the "Zone of Proximal Development" (ZPD), which is the difference between what a person can do alone and what they can achieve with guidance from a more knowledgeable individual. Vygotsky believed that language and dialogue shape cognitive development, as children learn through social engagement and communication. In essence, our understanding grows best when supported by social collaboration, emphasizing that learning is a shared, culturally influenced process rather than solely an individual effort.