vulcanization

Vulcanization is a molecular process that strengthens rubber by heating it with sulfur or other chemicals. This treatment causes the rubber's long polymer chains to form cross-links, or bonds, which improve its elasticity, durability, and resistance to temperature changes. Essentially, vulcanization transforms soft, sticky rubber into a tough, resilient material suitable for tires, seals, and various industrial applications. It enhances performance and lifespan by making the rubber more stable and less prone to wear and deformation during use.