vortex lattice

A vortex lattice is a pattern formed when many tiny whirlpools, called vortices, arrange themselves in a regular grid within a superconductor when it's exposed to a magnetic field. These vortices are regions where magnetic fields penetrate the material, surrounded by circulating currents. The lattice pattern arises due to the balance of forces, causing the vortices to settle into an orderly structure, typically resembling a hexagonal grid. This organized arrangement helps superconductors carry currents efficiently and reveals important properties about their behavior under magnetic influence.