Von Neumann machines

A Von Neumann machine is a model of computer architecture that describes how computers are organized to process information. It consists of three main components: a central processing unit (CPU) that performs calculations, memory that stores both data and instructions, and input/output systems that allow communication with the outside world. All data and instructions are stored in memory, allowing the CPU to fetch and execute them sequentially. This design enables flexibility and efficiency, forming the basis for most modern computers and influencing how software is developed and run.