Voltage-controlled oscillator

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is a device that generates a continuous electrical signal whose frequency can be adjusted by changing the input voltage. Think of it like a musical instrument whose pitch (frequency) can be tuned smoothly by turning a knob (voltage). When the input voltage increases or decreases, the VCO's output frequency shifts accordingly, making it essential in radios, communication systems, and signal processing for precise frequency control and modulation. The ability to control the frequency with voltage allows for dynamic adjustments in electronic circuits, ensuring stable and adaptable signal generation.