volcanic islands

Volcanic islands are landforms created when eruptions of molten rock, ash, and gases from Earth's interior build up on the ocean floor. Over time, repeated eruptions cause the accumulated material to rise above sea level, forming an island. These islands often have volcanic peaks and rugged terrain, and some remain active, with eruptions occurring periodically. Examples include the Hawaiian Islands and Iceland. They are important for biodiversity and can host unique ecosystems, but also pose natural hazards related to volcanic activity.