Viking landers

Viking landers were robotic spacecraft launched by NASA in the 1970s to explore Mars. They successfully landed on the planet's surface, where they conducted experiments to search for signs of life and analyze the soil and atmosphere. The Viking missions provided the first close-up scientific data from Mars, helping us understand the planet's composition, climate, and potential habitability. Their design included parachutes and rockets to gently land, and they carried scientific instruments to perform biological and chemical tests. Viking landers paved the way for future Mars exploration by demonstrating that robotic exploration is possible and valuable.