vertebrae

The vertebrae are the individual bones that make up the spinal column, or backbone. They are stacked in a sequence and connected by tissues, forming the main structure that supports the body's weight and enables a range of movements. The vertebrae protect the spinal cord, a vital bundle of nerves that transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body. Each vertebra has a central hole called the vertebral foramen, through which the spinal cord passes. The vertebral column also provides attachment points for muscles and ribs, maintaining posture and flexibility.