velocity potential theory

Velocity potential theory describes a way to analyze fluid flow by representing the flow's velocity as the gradient of a single scalar function called the velocity potential. This approach is useful for modeling ideal, incompressible, and irrotational flows, such as in water or air at low speeds. By solving the mathematical equations for the potential, engineers and scientists can determine how the fluid moves around objects, predict forces, and analyze flow patterns efficiently. Essentially, it simplifies complex flow behavior into a manageable mathematical framework grounded in potential functions.