Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are specialized cells located in the walls of blood vessels, especially arteries. They help regulate blood flow and pressure by contracting and relaxing, which changes the vessel's diameter. VSMCs also contribute to the structural integrity of blood vessels and play a role in repairing vessel damage. Their ability to switch between a contractile state (focused on controlling vessel constriction) and a synthetic state (involved in repair and growth) is vital for maintaining healthy blood circulation and responding to injury.