Varieties of Quantum Field Theories

Quantum field theories (QFTs) describe how particles and forces behave at very small scales, combining quantum mechanics with special relativity. Different varieties of QFTs arise based on the types of particles they include, their interactions, and underlying symmetries. For example, the Standard Model is a QFT that explains fundamental particles and forces (except gravity), while others, like supersymmetric theories or topological quantum field theories, explore alternative mathematical structures or potential extensions of known physics. These classifications help scientists understand the universe’s fundamental workings by studying diverse frameworks that capture different aspects of quantum behavior.