variceal ligation

Variceal ligation is a medical procedure used to treat enlarged, swollen veins (varices) often found in the esophagus or stomach due to liver disease. The doctor uses special tools to place small elastic bands around these varices, cutting off their blood supply. Without blood, the varices shrink and are less likely to bleed dangerously. The procedure helps prevent bleeding episodes, which can be life-threatening. It is usually done with an endoscope—a flexible tube with a camera—inserted through the mouth for precise treatment.