Variables complejas

Variables complejas, or complex variables, are numbers that include both a real part (the familiar number line) and an imaginary part (based on the square root of -1, called "i"). They are written in the form a + bi, where "a" is the real component and "b" is the imaginary component. Complex variables are used in advanced mathematics and engineering to analyze systems involving waves, oscillations, and other phenomena that cannot be described using only real numbers. They provide a powerful framework for solving equations and modeling real-world processes involving multiple dimensions and types of change.