validity and reliability in assessment

Validity and reliability are key qualities of a good assessment. Validity means that the test accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure—for example, a math test should truly assess math skills, not reading ability. Reliability means that the test yields consistent results over time or across different instances—if taken again, a reliable test should produce similar scores. Together, these qualities ensure assessments are both meaningful and consistent, providing trustworthy information about a person's abilities or knowledge.