vaccine design

Vaccine design involves creating a safe and effective method to teach the immune system how to recognize and fight a specific virus or bacteria. Scientists identify key parts of the pathogen, such as proteins, and develop a formulation that prompts the body to produce an immune response without causing illness. This process may include using weakened or inactivated pathogens, their genetic material, or specific proteins. The goal is to stimulate immunity so that if you're exposed later, your body can quickly and effectively defend against the infection. Effective vaccine design balances safety, durability, and the ability to produce long-lasting immunity.