Urban ecosystem services

Urban ecosystem services are the benefits that natural environment elements like parks, trees, rivers, and green spaces provide to city residents. These services include cleaner air and water, temperature regulation through shade and vegetation, reduction of noise pollution, opportunities for recreation, and improved mental health. Urban ecosystems also support biodiversity by providing habitats for plants and wildlife within cities. By maintaining healthy green spaces and natural features, cities can enhance residents’ quality of life, promote sustainability, and help adapt to environmental challenges such as climate change.