UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association)

The Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) was founded in 1914 by Marcus Garvey to promote pride, economic strength, and unity among people of African descent worldwide. Its mission was to encourage Black self-reliance, cultural heritage, and global solidarity, advocating for African independence and discouraging dependence on colonial powers. UNIA organized rallies, founded businesses, and published newspapers to empower Black communities. While influential in inspiring racial pride and Pan-African ideas, its later years faced internal challenges and controversies, but its legacy persists in ongoing efforts for Black empowerment and identity.