Undersea volcanic eruption

An undersea volcanic eruption occurs when magma from deep within the Earth's mantle rises through a vent on the ocean floor, breaking the surface and forming new volcanic landforms. These eruptions release lava, ash, and gases underwater, which can create seamounts or islands over time. Because the eruptions happen beneath the ocean, they are often less visible and less destructive on land initially, but they can impact ocean chemistry, marine life, and sometimes produce underwater landslides or tsunamis if large enough. Such eruptions help shape seafloor geology and contribute to Earth's volcanic activity.