Underground Mining Techniques

Underground mining involves accessing mineral deposits beneath the Earth's surface by creating tunnels or shafts. These tunnels allow miners to reach, extract, and transport the ore safely and efficiently. Techniques include room-and-pillar, where sections of ore are left to support the mine roof, and cut-and-fill, which involves removing ore and filling the space with material for stability. This method minimizes surface disturbance and is used for deep or valuable deposits. Proper ventilation, safety systems, and careful planning are essential to manage risks like collapses or hazardous gases.