umask

A umask is a setting in a computer system that determines the default permissions given to new files and folders when they are created. Think of it as a mask or filter that removes certain access rights to ensure security and control over how others can interact with your files. For example, a umask of 022 typically allows the owner full access while giving others only read and execute permissions. By setting a umask, users can manage default security levels, preventing unintended access and helping keep data safe from the moment files are created.