UBE1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1)

UBE1, or ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, is a crucial protein in the cell responsible for initiating the process of protein degradation. It activates ubiquitin, a small protein that tags unwanted or damaged proteins, signaling them for destruction. UBE1 first attaches ubiquitin using energy from ATP, then hands it over to other enzymes that help attach ubiquitin to target proteins. This process ensures proper protein turnover, maintaining cellular health and function by removing proteins that are no longer needed or are damaged. UBE1 thus plays a vital role in cellular regulation and homeostasis through ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.