Tutsi and Hutu (Rwanda)

The Tutsi and Hutu are two ethnic groups in Rwanda with distinct historical and social identities. Traditionally, Tutsi were often cattle herders and held socio-economic dominance, while Hutu were primarily farmers. Colonial influence, especially by Germans and Belgians, reinforced these differences, creating social hierarchies and stereotypes. Over time, these distinctions contributed to tensions and conflict, culminating in the 1994 genocide, where Hutu extremists targeted Tutsi. Today, Rwanda emphasizes national unity, officially recognizing both groups as Rwandan citizens, and promotes reconciliation to overcome past divisions.