Tropism

Tropism is the way plants respond to environmental stimuli by growing in specific directions. It helps plants adapt to their surroundings, such as bending toward sunlight (positive phototropism), roots growing downward into the soil (positive geotropism or gravitropism), or away from harmful substances. These responses are driven by plant hormones that signal cells to grow differently on each side, enabling plants to optimize their access to resources like light, water, and nutrients. Tropisms are essential for plant survival and efficient growth in varying environments.