tRNA (transfer RNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of molecule that plays a critical role in making proteins within cells. It acts as a translator, carrying amino acids—the building blocks of proteins—to the cell’s protein-making factory, called the ribosome. Each tRNA has a specific region called an anticodon that matches a corresponding code on messenger RNA (mRNA), ensuring the correct amino acid is added in the right order. This process enables cells to assemble proteins accurately, based on genetic instructions, which are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of life.