Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

Trisomy 21, commonly known as Down syndrome, is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This additional chromosome affects physical and intellectual development, leading to features such as a distinct facial appearance, slower growth, and varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Individuals with Down syndrome often have health challenges, including heart defects and vision issues. While they may face developmental delays, many lead fulfilling lives, participate in education, and engage socially. Early intervention and support can enhance their abilities and quality of life.