tree physiology

Tree physiology involves processes that allow trees to grow, survive, and reproduce. Trees take in water and minerals from the soil through their roots, and absorb carbon dioxide from the air through their leaves. Using sunlight, they convert these into energy via photosynthesis, producing oxygen and sugars that nourish the tree. Water moves upward through specialized tissues called xylem, supporting nutrient transport and maintaining structure. Another tissue, phloem, distributes sugars and nutrients from leaves to other parts. Overall, these processes sustain the tree’s growth, repair, and ability to adapt to its environment.