Tree Decomposition

Tree decomposition is a method used in graph theory to simplify complex networks by breaking them into interconnected clusters called "bags," arranged in a tree-like structure. Each bag contains a subset of nodes from the original graph, and the connections between these bags preserve how nodes are linked in the original network. This approach makes analyzing and solving problems on large, complicated graphs more manageable by focusing on these smaller, overlapping parts, enabling more efficient algorithms for tasks like optimization, routing, or understanding the network's structure.