Treaty of San Francisco

The Treaty of San Francisco, signed in 1951 and effective in 1952, officially ended World War II for Japan and restored its sovereignty. It formalized Japan’s renunciation of war, territorial adjustments, and peace obligations. The treaty also re-established Japan as an independent nation and set terms for reparations and security arrangements, including U.S. military presence. It helped reshape Japan’s post-war international relationships, establishing peaceful, diplomatic ties with many countries. Overall, it marked Japan’s transition from an aggressor in wartime to a peaceful, sovereign state in the global community.