travel in the Middle Ages

Travel in the Middle Ages was slow and often challenging, primarily done on foot, horseback, or by river using boats. Roads were poorly maintained, and many areas were difficult to access due to rugged terrain or dangers like bandits. Pilgrimages to holy sites, trade, and warfare prompted long journeys, but travelers faced risks such as illness, bad weather, and hostility. Despite these challenges, trade routes like the Silk Road connected distant regions, allowing for the exchange of goods, ideas, and culture. Travel was seen as an adventure or spiritual duty, but it remained limited by technology and safety concerns.