Translation as a complex process

Translation is a complex biological process where the cell's machinery converts genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) into a sequence of amino acids to build proteins. This involves reading the mRNA code in sets of three nucleotides, called codons, which specify particular amino acids. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the correct amino acids to the ribosome—the cell's protein factory—based on the codon instructions. The amino acids are linked together in the right order, forming a protein that folds into a specific structure to perform its function. This intricate process ensures accurate gene expression essential for life.