transfer functions

A transfer function is a mathematical way to describe how a system responds to an input, producing an output. Think of it as a rule that relates what goes into a system (like a signal or force) to what comes out, showing how the system modifies or filters the input. Engineers use transfer functions to analyze and design systems such as electrical circuits, mechanical devices, or control systems, helping them predict behavior and ensure proper function. Essentially, it's a tool that captures the system's behavior in a precise, mathematical form.