Trans-acting Factor

A trans-acting factor is a molecule, often a protein like a transcription factor, that influences gene activity from outside the gene's own DNA segment. Unlike elements located directly on the gene (cis-elements), trans-acting factors can move through the cell and bind to specific DNA sequences to regulate whether a gene is turned on or off. They play a key role in controlling gene expression, ensuring genes are active only when needed, and are essential for processes like development, response to environmental signals, and maintaining cellular functions.