Trajan's Parthian campaign

Trajan's Parthian campaign (114-117 AD) was a military expedition by Roman Emperor Trajan aimed at expanding the Roman Empire into Parthia, located in modern-day Iran. Trajan sought to secure eastern territories and assert Roman dominance. The campaign achieved initial successes, capturing key cities like Ctesiphon, but ultimately faced logistical challenges and fierce local resistance. After Trajan's death, his successor Hadrian decided to abandon these gains, recognizing the difficulties of holding such distant territories. This campaign reflected Rome's ambitions but also the limits of imperial expansion in the face of local cultures and geography.