traité de Verdun

The Treaty of Verdun, signed in 843, was an agreement that divided the Carolingian Empire among the three surviving sons of Emperor Louis the Pious. This division created three separate kingdoms: West Francia (later France), East Francia (later Germany), and a middle region known as Middle Francia. The treaty marked a significant step toward the political fragmentation of Europe, shaping the borders and nations we recognize today. It aimed to reduce conflicts among the brothers and establish clear boundaries, though it also contributed to the decentralized political landscape of medieval Europe.