Toxicology and Pharmacology

Toxicology is the study of harmful substances and how they affect living organisms, focusing on understanding toxicity, how poisons work, and how to prevent or treat poisoning. Pharmacology is the science of drugs—how they are used to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases—covering how medications interact with the body and their effects. Together, these fields help ensure drugs are safe and effective, and that harmful substances are properly identified and managed to protect health.