Torsion

Torsion refers to the twisting force that causes an object, such as a beam or shaft, to rotate or twist around its long axis. Imagine holding a pencil at both ends and twisting it; the twisting action is an example of torsion. This force generates shear stress within the material, which can lead to deformation or failure if excessive. Torsion is important in engineering and mechanics because it helps explain how parts behave under rotational forces, ensuring structures and machines are designed to withstand such twisting stresses safely.