TOR pathway

The TOR pathway is a cellular signaling system that helps cells decide when to grow, divide, or conserve resources. It senses nutrient levels, energy status, and stress signals. When nutrients are abundant, TOR activates processes that promote cell growth and protein production. Conversely, under scarcity, TOR activity decreases, conserving resources and slowing growth. This pathway is crucial for maintaining healthy cell function and is involved in aging, cancer, and metabolic diseases. Overall, TOR acts as a central regulator linking environmental cues to cellular growth decisions.