topaz

Topaz is a mineral composed of aluminum and fluorine, forming a durable and vibrant gemstone. It naturally occurs in a variety of colors, including clear, blue, yellow, and pink, making it popular in jewelry. Topaz's hardness ranks around 8 on the Mohs scale, meaning it is resistant to scratching. Besides its beauty, it has historical and metaphysical significance, often associated with calming and healing properties. Commercially, natural topaz is mined, and some stones are treated (heated or irradiated) to enhance or alter their colors for decorative use.