tonic seizures

Tonic seizures are a type of seizure characterized by sudden, sustained muscle stiffness. During these episodes, a person may stiffen in their muscles—often their back, arms, or legs—and may lose awareness briefly. These seizures typically last less than a minute and can cause falls or injuries due to the sudden rigidity. Tonic seizures are often associated with certain epilepsy syndromes and may be triggered by illness, stress, or fatigue. Treatment generally involves anticonvulsant medications to help control or reduce the frequency of these episodes.