tolerance intervals

Tolerance intervals are statistical ranges that estimate where a certain percentage of a population's data points are expected to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For example, a 95% tolerance interval might suggest that 90% of all measurements will lie within that range, based on sample data. They are useful for quality control and safety assessments, helping us understand the variability in processes or measurements. Unlike confidence intervals, which estimate parameter values (like a mean), tolerance intervals focus on covering the actual data in the population.