Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is a plant pathogen that infects many plants, especially tobacco and tomatoes. It’s a tiny, infectious particle made of genetic material (RNA) encased in a protein coat. TMV spreads easily through contact, contaminated tools, or infected plant material. Once inside a plant, it disrupts normal cell functions, causing characteristic mottled or "mosaic" patterns on leaves, stunted growth, and reduced yields. Despite its tiny size, TMV is highly stable and difficult to eliminate. It is a significant concern in agriculture because it can spread rapidly and impact crop productivity.