TNM staging

TNM staging is a system doctors use to describe the size and spread of cancer. It stands for Tumor (T), which indicates how large the primary cancer is; Node (N), showing if the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes; and Metastasis (M), revealing if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Each category is assigned a number or description that helps determine the cancer’s stage, guiding treatment decisions and helping predict outcomes. In short, TNM provides a standardized way to assess how advanced a cancer is based on tumor size, lymph node involvement, and distant spread.